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Background: With new technologies for body composition assessment determining changes learn, muscle and fat mass. Prevention of sarcopenic obesity is timely detection of decrease.
Objectives: Aim of the study was to compare the effectiveness of three methods of body composition assessment such as bioimpedans analysis (BIA), air-replacement bodyplatismography (BodPod) and Dual X-ray absorptiometry Total body program (DXA Total Body) in the verification of reducing of skeletal muscle mass as sign of sarcopenic obesity in obese patients.
Methods: The study group included 95 patients aged 21-69 y.o. (average age 53,9±11,05 years) with BMI≥30.0 kg/m2. The control group included 37 patients aged 37-69 y.o (average age 50,73±10,6 years) of the same age without obesity with BMI 20.0-29.9 kg/m2. Body composition was tested using BIA, BodPod and DXA with calculating fat, lean and skeletal muscles mass (kg) and % in all the patients.
Results: According to BIA the groups differ only in fat mass (FM) 42.75 (4.8;6.3) vs. 33.15 (28.4;35.5) kg; p=0.036 and did not differ (p>0.05) in lean (LM), skeletal muscle mass (SMM) and in % of FM and SMM. According to BodPod analyses groups differed in the FM 3.4 [36.81;69.94] vs 31.02 [23.22;38] kg, p=0.007, % FM 45.4 [42.1;53.8] vs 37.7 [28.6;41.1], p=0.003 and % LM - 54.6 [46.2;57.9] vs 62.3 [58.9;71.4], p=0.003, but had statistically equivalent values of LM 55 [49.48;67.77] vs 40.36 [33.12;49.06] kg, p=0.19. According to DXA Total Body analyses statistically significant differences (p<0.05) have been identified between the groups in FM and % FM of the hands, feet, trunk, total body (p>0.05), but not in LM and % LM (p>0.05) (
Effectiveness of three methods for body composition assessment
| INDICATORS | STUDY GROUP | CONTROL GROUP | p |
| Weight (kg) | 106 [96;122] | 80 [77;81] | 0.00251 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 37.6 [104;124] | 26.8 [24;30] | 0.000000 |
| Bod Pod | |||
| % fat mass | 45.4 [42.1;53.8] | 37.7 [28.6;41.1] | 0.003424 |
| % lean mass | 54.6 [46.2;57.9] | 62.3 [58.9;71.4] | 0.003424 |
| fat mass (kg) | 43.4 [36.81;69.935] | 31.016 [23.223;38.004] | 0.006836 |
| lean mass (kg) | 55.002 [49.48;67.77] | 40.359 [33.122;49.058] | 0.185377 |
| BIA | |||
| fat mass (kg) | 42.75 [4.8;6.3] | 33.150 [28.4;35.5] | 0.035771 |
| lean mass (kg) | 59.5 [53.95;71.05] | 54.850 [49.9;62.6] | 0.458312 |
| skeletal muscle mass (kg) | 27.9 [23.9;33.2] | 25.6 [22;29.3] | 0.701678 |
| skeletal muscle mass (%) | 45.3 [43.3;47.7] | 47.1 [42.3;48.1] | 0.415687 |
| DXA Total Body | |||
| total body lean mass (g) | 97276 [86062; 109154] | 62628 [57839; 85068] | 0.602523 |
| total body fat mass (g) | 47030 [39300; 56729] | 25652 [22164; 36396] | 0.009796 |
| total body muscle mass (g) | 49861 [42793; 57088] | 36426 [32273; 43341] | 0.973711 |
Conclusion: From methods of body composition assessment, air-replacement bodyplatismography (BodPod) is the most sensitive in the verification of skeletal muscle mass reduction in obese patients. This method shows that patients with obesity have a significantly reduced muscle mass compared with normal weight or overweight subjects.
REFERENCES:
[1]L. A. Marchenkova, V. A. Vasileva, Motor and balance function disorders and possibilities of their correction in patients with obesity and metabolic syndrome // Lechashchiy vrach. 2019. № 4. S. 68.
[2]P. Corbeil, M. Simoheau, D. Rancourt, A. Tremblay, N. Teasdale, Increased risk for falling associated with obesity: mathematical modeling of postural control // IEEE Transactions on Neural Systems and Rechabilitation Enqineering. 2001; 9 (2): 126-136.
Disclosure of Interests: None declared