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POS0304 (2021)
EPIDEMIOLOGY AND ECONOMIC BURDEN ASSOCIATED WITH MENTAL HEALTH COMORBIDITIES IN SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS AND LUPUS NEPHRITIS PATIENTS
M. A. Petri1, D. Naessens2, A. Ogbomo3, A. Ratiu3, C. Gutierrez3, C. Karyekar4
1John Hopkins University School of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Baltimore, United States of America
2Janssen Pharmaceutica NV, Director Global Market Access Immunology, Beerse, Belgium
3STATinMED Research, HEOR, Ann Arbor, United States of America
4Janssen Global Commercial Strategic Organization, Compound Development Team, Horsham, United States of America

Background: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), a multisystem autoimmune disease, is associated with mental health (MH) disorders. There is scarce information on the epidemiology and economic burden associated with MH comorbidities and the impact on SLE as well as the subpopulation with lupus nephritis (LN).


Objectives: Examined the incidence and prevalence rate of MH, healthcare resource utilization (HCRU), and costs associated with MH comorbidities in SLE/LN patients.


Methods: Adult SLE and LN patients with ≥1 inpatient or ≥2 outpatient diagnosis claims for SLE/LN (ICD-9 code: 710.0; and ICD-10 codes M32.10-19, M32.8, M32.9) were identified between 01JAN2013-30JUN2019 from two large US commercial databases. Inclusion required continuous enrollment benefits 12 months pre-/post-index date. Patients were divided into two groups: those with (WMH) vs. those without (NMH). WMH was defined as a MH diagnosis of depression, anxiety, bipolar disorder, or psychosis. Index date for the WMH group was first MH diagnosis claim. For the NMH group, a random index date was assigned between 01JAN2014-30JUN2018. The groups were then matched with a 1:1 ratio based on age, sex, and region within their respective databases. Incidence and prevalence rate of MH in the SLE/LN population were determined. All-cause healthcare costs and HCRU per patients per year (PPPY) were examined with generalized linear models.


Results: A total of 7,760 SLE and 336 LN patients were identified. The majority of patients were female (SLE=93.5%; LN=95.2%) with a mean age of 55.1 years (SLE) and 44.5 years (LN). The prevalence rate of MH was 35.7% for SLE and 28.8% for LN patients and the incidence rate was 18.5% and 15.3%, respectively. Anxiety and depression were the most common MH comorbidities ( Figure 1 ). WMH inpatient stays averaged an additional 2.6 and 7.2 days longer than NMH for SLE and LN, respectively. In addition, WMH patients averaged 10.4 (SLE) and 18.4 (LN) significantly more outpatient visits PPPY than NMH. Overall healthcare cost PPPY was significantly higher for WMH patient in both SLE ($49,553 vs $26,064), and LN ($112,169 vs $39,529). Inpatient costs were approximately 3 – 5 times greater in the WMH group ( Table 1 ).

Follow-up Healthcare Cost and Utilization for SLE/LN Case and Control Population

SLE with MH Comorbidities N=3,880 (WMH) SLE without MH comorbidities N=3,880 (NMH) P-value LN with MH Comorbidities N=168 (WMH) LN without MH comorbidities N=168 (NMH) P-value
All-cause health care utilization PPPY Mean Mean Mean Mean
Mean # inpatient visits 1.36 0.50 <0.0001 1.86 0.86 <0.0001
Mean # outpatient visits 32.11 21.67 <0.0001 47.85 29.45 <0.0001
Mean # office visits 13.49 9.74 <0.0001 14.94 10.29 <0.0001
Mean # ER visits 1.27 0.66 <0.0001 1.40 0.63 0.0005
Mean # other outpatient visits 25.55 17.08 <0.0001 41.48 24.19 <0.0001
Mean # pharmacy Rx 33.33 20.82 <0.0001 36.96 23.81 <0.0001
Length of inpatient stay (mean, days) 3.69 1.09 <0.0001 9.53 2.37 <0.0001
All-cause health care costs PPPY
Outpatient costs (ER+ office +other) $19,271 $12,847 <0.0001 $34,956 $19,530 <0.0001
Pharmacy costs $7,222 $4,707 <0.0001 $7,874 $4,254 <0.0001
Inpatient costs $22,605 $8,191 <0.0001 $68,216 $14,680 <0.0001
Total costs $49,553 $26,064 <0.0001 $112,169 $39,529 <0.0001

PPPY: Per patient per year; ER: Emergency room; LN: Lupus nephritis; SLE: Systemic lupus erythematosus


Conclusion: This real-world study shows that MH comorbidities have a high incidence and prevalence rate in SLE and LN patients. Health care costs and utilization for SLE and LN patients with MH comorbidities were significantly higher than patients without MH comorbidities. This study highlights not just the high prevalence of MH comorbidity but its large contribution to SLE healthcare costs.

Incidence and Prevalence Rate of Mental Health Comorbidities in the SLE and LN Populations LN: Lupus nephritis; SLE: Systemic lupus erythematosus


Disclosure of Interests: Michelle A Petri Consultant of: Yes, Grant/research support from: Yes, Dominik Naessens Shareholder of: Yes (Johnson and Johnson), Employee of: Employee of Janssen Pharmaceuticals., Adesuwa Ogbomo: None declared, Anna Ratiu: None declared, Cynthia Gutierrez: None declared, Chetan Karyekar Shareholder of: Own Stock Options as part of being a company employee., Employee of: Current employee of Janssen Pharmaceuticals

Citation: Ann Rheum Dis, volume 80, supplement 1, year 2021, page 377
Session: Public Health, Health Services and Health Economics (Poster Tours)